All countries current leaders 2019

Country and Current President and Prime Minister, Monarch,Governor- General, King, Supreme leader of all countries in world in 2019 from the year elected

Afghanistan
President – Ashraf Ghani (2014–present)
Prime Minister – Abdullah Abdullah (2014–present)

Albania
President – Ilir Meta (2017–present)
Prime Minister – Edi Rama (2013–present)

Algeria
President – Abdelaziz Bouteflika (1999–present)
Prime Minister – Ahmed Ouyahia (2017–present)

Angola
President – João Lourenço (2017–present)

Antigua and Barbuda
Monarch – Elizabeth II, Queen of Antigua and Barbuda (1981–present)
Governor-General – Sir Rodney Williams (2014–present)
Prime Minister – Gaston Browne (2014–present)

Armenia

President – Armen Sarkissian (2018–present)
Prime Minister – Nikol Pashinyan (2018–present)

Argentina
President  – Mauricio Macri (2015–present)

Aruba
Governor – Alfonso Boekhoudt (2017–present)
Prime Minister – Evelyn Wever-0.Croes (2017–present)

Australia
Monarch – Elizabeth II (1952–present)
Governor-General – David Hurley (2019)
Prime Minister – Scott Morrison (2018–present)

Austria
President – Alexander Van der Bellen (2017–present)
Chancellor – Brigitte Bierlein (since 2019)

Azerbaijan
President – Ilham Aliyev (2003–present)
Prime Minister –  Novruz Mammadov (2018–present)

Bahamas

Monarch – Elizabeth II (1973–present)
Governor-General – Dame Marguerite Pindling (2014–present)
Prime Minister – Hubert Minnis (2017–present)

Bahrain
Monarch – Sheikh Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa (1999–present)
Prime Minister – Prince Khalifa bin Salman Al Khalifa (1970–present)

 Bangladesh
President – Abdul Hamid (2013–present)
Prime Minister – Sheikh Hasina (2009–present)

Barbados
Monarch – Elizabeth II (1966–present)
Governor-General – Dame Sandra Mason (2018–present)
Prime Minister – Mia Mottley (2018–present)

Belarus
President – Alexander Lukashenko (1994–present)
Prime Minister – Syarhey Rumas (2018–present)

Belgium
Monarch – Philippe (2013–present)
Prime Minister – Charles Michel (2014–present)

Belize
Monarch – Elizabeth II (1981–present)
Governor-General – Sir Colville Young (1993–present)
Prime Minister – Dean Barrow (2008–present)

Benin
President – Patrice Talon (2016–present)

Bhutan
Monarch – Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck (2006–present)
Prime Minister – Dasho Tshering Wangchuk (2018–present)

Bolivia
President – Evo Morales (2006–present)

Botswana
President – Mokgweetsi Masisi (2018–present)

Brazil
President – Jair Bolsonaro (2022 - Present )

Brunei
Monarch – Hassanal Bolkiah, Sultan of Brunei (1967–present)
Prime Minister – Hassanal Bolkiah (1984–present)

Bulgaria
President – Rumen Radev (2017–present)
Prime Minister – Boyko Borisov (2017–present)

Burundi
President – Pierre Nkurunziza (2005–present)

Cambodia
Monarch – Norodom Sihamoni, King of Cambodia (2004–present)
Prime Minister – Hun Sen (1985–present)

Cameroon
President – Paul Biya (1982–present)
Prime Minister – Philémon Yang (2009–present)

Canada
Monarch – Elizabeth II (1952–present)
Governor-General – Julie Payette (2017–present)
Prime Minister – Justin Trudeau (2015–present)

Chile
President – Sebastián Piñera (2018–present)

China
Communist Party Leader – Xi Jinping (2012–present)
President – Xi Jinping (2013–present)
Premier – Li Keqiang (2013–present)

Colombia
President – Iván Duque Márquez (2018–present)

Croatia
President – Kolinda Grabar-Kitarović (2015–present)
Prime Minister – Andrej Plenković (2016–present)

Cyprus
President – Nicos Anastasiades (2013–present)

Denmark
Monarch – Margrethe II (1972–present)
Prime Minister – Lars Løkke Rasmussen (2015–present)

Egypt
President – Abdel Fattah el-Sisi (2014–present)
Prime Minister – Moustafa Madbouly (2018–present)

Estonia
President – Kersti Kaljulaid (2016–present)
Prime Minister – Kaja Kallas (2019–present)

Ethiopia
President – Mulatu Teshome (2013–present)
Prime Minister – Abiy Ahmed (2018–present)

Fiji
President – George Konrote (2015–present)
Prime Minister – Frank Bainimarama (2007–present)

Finland
President – Sauli Niinistö(2012–present)
Prime Minister – Juha Sipilä (2015–present)

France
President – Emmanuel Macron (2017–present)
Prime Minister – Édouard Philippe (2017–present)

Georgia
President – Giorgi Margvelashvili (2013–present)
Prime Minister – Mamuka Bakhtadze (2018–present)

Germany
President – Frank-Walter Steinmeier (2017–present)
Chancellor – Angela Merkel (2005–present)

Ghana
President – Nana Akufo-Addo (2017–present)

Greece
President – Prokopis Pavlopoulos (2015–present)
Prime Minister – Alexis Tsipras (2015–present)

Guatemala
President – Jimmy Morales (2016–present)

Guinea
President – Alpha Conde (2010–present)
Prime Minister –  Ibrahima Kassory Fofana (2018–present)

India
President –  Ram Nath Kovind (2017–present)
Prime Minister –  Narendra Modi (2014–present)

Indonesia
President: Joko Widodo (2014–present)

Iran
Supreme Leader – Ayatollah Ali Khamenei (1989–present)
President – Hassan Rouhani (2013–present)

Iraq
President: Fuad Masum (2014–present)
Prime Minister: Haider al-Abadi (2014–present)

Ireland
President: Michael Daniel Higgins (2011–present)
Prime Minister:  Leo Varadkar (2017–present)

Israel
President:  Reuven Rivlin (2014–present)
Prime Minister:  Benjamin Netanyahu (2009–present)

Italy
President:  Sergio Mattarella (2015–present)
Prime Minister: Giuseppe Conte (2018–present)

Jamaica
Monarch – Elizabeth II (1962–present)
Governor-General – Sir Patrick Allen (2009–present)
Prime Minister – Andrew Holness (2016–present)

Japan
Monarch – Akihito, Emperor of Japan (1989–present)
Prime Minister – Shinzō Abe (2012–present)

Jordan
King : Abdullah II (1999–present)
Prime Minister: Omar Razzaz (2018–present)

Kazakhstan
President – Nursultan Nazarbayev (1990–present)
Prime Minister – Bakhytzhan Sagintayev (2016–present)

Korea, North
Supreme leader : Kim Jong-un (2011–present)

Korea, South
President – Moon Jae-in (2017–present)
Prime Minister – Lee Nak-yeon (2017–present)

Kuwait
Monarch – Sheikh Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah (2006–present)
Prime Minister – Sheikh Jaber Al-Mubarak Al-Hamad Al-Sabah (2011–present)

Lebanon
President – Michel Aoun (2016–present)
Prime Minister – Saad Hariri (2016–present)

Libya
President  :   Aguila Saleh Issa (2014–present)
Prime Minister  :  Abdullah al-Thani (2014–present)

Malaysia
Monarch – Muhammad V, Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia (2016–present)
Prime Minister:  Mahathir Mohamad (2018–present)

Maldives
President:  Ibrahim Mohamed Solih (17 November 2018 -present);

Mali
President – Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta (2013–present)
Prime Minister – Soumeylou Boubèye Maïga (2017–present)

Mauritius
President  :  Barlen Vyapoory (2018–present)
Prime Minister  : Pravind Jugnauth (2017–present)

Mexico
President – Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador  (December, 2018 – present)

Morocco
Monarch – Mohammed VI, King of Morocco (1999–present)
Prime Minister – Saadeddine Othmani (2017–present)

Myanmar
President –  Win Myint (2018–present)
Prime Minister – Aung San Suu Kyi (2016–present)

Namibia
President – Hage Geingob (2015–present)
Prime Minister – Saara Kuugongelwa (2015–present)

Nepal
President – Bidhya Devi Bhandari (2015–present)
Prime Minister – Khadga Prasad Oli (2018–present)

Netherlands
King : Willem-Alexander (2013–present)
Prime Minister : Mark Rutte (2010–present)

New Zealand
Monarch – Elizabeth II (1952–present)
Governor General : Dame Patsy Reddy (2016–present)
Prime Minister : Jacinda Ardern (2017–present)

Oman
Monarch – Qaboos bin Said al Said, Sultan of Oman (1970–present)
Prime Minister – Qaboos bin Said al Said (1972–present)

Pakistan
President :  Arif Alvi (2018–present)
Prime Minister : Imran Khan (2018–present)

Philippines
President – Rodrigo Duterte (2016–present)

Portugal
President – Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa (2016–present)

Prime Minister – António Costa (2015–present)

Qatar

Monarch – Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani (2013–present)
Prime Minister – Sheikh Abdullah bin Nasser bin Khalifa Al Thani (2013–present)

Romania
President – Klaus Iohannis (2014–present)
Prime Minister – Viorica Dăncilă (2018–present)

Russia
President – Vladimir Putin (2012–present)
Prime Minister – Dmitry Medvedev (2012–present)

Saudi Arabia
Monarch – Salman (2015–present)
Prime Minister – Salman (2015–present)

Seychelles
President – Danny Faure (2016–present)

Singapore
President – Halimah Yacob (2017–present)
Prime Minister – Lee Hsien Loong (2004–present)

South Africa
President – Cyril Ramaphosa (2018–present)

Spain
Monarch – Felipe VI (2014–present)
Prime Minister – Pedro Sánchez (2018–present)

Sri Lanka
President – Maithripala Sirisena (2015–present)
Prime Minister – Ranil Wickremesinghe (2015–present)

Sudan
President –  Moutaz Mousa Abdallah (Since 17th September)

South Sudan
President – Salva Kiir Mayardit (2005–present) SyriaPresident – Bashar al-Assad (2000–present)
Prime Minister – Imad Khamis (2016–present)

Taiwan
President – Tsai Ing-wen (2016–present)
Premier – William Lai (2017–present)

Thailand
Monarch – Maha Vajiralongkorn (2016–present)
Prime Minister – Prayut Chan-o-cha (2014–present)

Ukraine
President – Petro Poroshenko (2014–present)
Prime Minister – Volodymyr Groysman (2016–present)

United Arab Emirates
President – Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan (2004–present)
Prime Minister – Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum (2006–present)

United States of America
President – Donald Trump (2017–present)

United Kingdom
Monarch – Elizabeth II (1952–present)
Prime Minister – Theresa May  (2016–present)

Vietnam
President – Dang Thi Ngoc Thinh (acting president Since 21 September 2018)
Prime Minister – Nguyen Xuan Phuc (2016 – present)

Zimbabwe
President – Emmerson Mnangagwa (2017–present)

Marathi quotes good morning messages

मराठी सुप्रभात सन्देश

*आयुष्यात कोण येणार हे वेळ ठरवते;*
*आयुष्यात कोण यायला पाहिजे हे मन ठरवते;*
*पण आयुष्यभर कोण टिकुन राहणार हे मात्र आपला स्वभावच ठरवतो!*

  *शुभ सकाळ*

###############################

*साधं सोप जगावं , दिलखुलास हसावं*
*न लाजता रडावं , राग आला तर चिडावं*
*पण झालं-गेलं वेळीच सोडावं.*

*शुभ प्रभात*

###############################

*"माझं" म्हणून नाही "आपलं" म्हणून जगता आलं पाहिजे...*
*जग खुप "चांगलं" आहे फक्त चांगलं "वागता" आलं  पाहिजे...*
   *सगळं विकत घेता येतं पण संस्कार नाही।*
*कितीही केल तरी वाळवंटात आणि समुद्रात पिक घेता येत नाही।*
*देह सर्वांचा सारखाच।*
*फरक फक्त विचारांचा।*

        *"शुभ सकाळ "*

################################

* सुंदर विचार *

*कर्म एक असं रेस्टॉरेंट आहे*
*जिथं ऑर्डर द्यायची गरज नाही*
*तिथं आपल्याला तेच मिळतं जे आपण शिजवलेलं असतं.*

*‼शुभ सकाळ  ‼*

################################

*ताकद आणि पैसा हे* 
     *जीवनाचे फळ आहे.*
     *परंतु कुटुंब आणि मित्र प्रेम* 
     *हे जीवनाचे मूळ आहे.*

*शुभ सकाळ*

################################

*विचारश्रोत*

*"माणसाची आर्थिक स्थिती कितीही चांगली असली, तरीही जीवनाचा खरा आनंद घेण्यासाठी त्याची मनस्थिती चांगली असावी लागते"...!!!*

     *शुभ सकाळ*

################################

*"गर्वाशिवाय बोलणं, हेतुशिवाय प्रेम करणं, अपेक्षेशिवाय काळजी घेणं आणि स्वार्थाशिवाय प्रार्थना करणे. हे सर्व ख-या नात्याची लक्षणे आहेत."*

*शुभ प्रभात *

################################

Ashtavinayak Shree Ganesh

ॐ गंगणपतये नमो नम: 

श्री सिध्धीविनायक नमो नम:
अष्टविनायक नमो नम:

गणपती बाप्पा मोरया
Eight temples of the Ashtavinayak are:
1. Moreshwar Temple in Morgaon, Pune district
2. Siddhivinayak Temple in Siddhatek, Ahmednagar district
3. Ballaleshwar Temple in Pali, Raigad district
4. Varadavinayak Temple in Mahad, near Khopoli, Raigad district
5. Chintamani Temple in Theur, Pune district
6. Girijatmaj Temple in Lenyadri, Pune district
7. Vighneshwar Temple in Ozar, Pune district
8. Mahaganapati Temple in Ranjangaon, Pune district

108 names of lord Ganesha with their meaning:

1.Akhuratha- One who has Mouse as His Charioteer
2.Alampata- Ever Eternal Lord
3.Amit- Incomparable Lord
4.Anantachidrupamayam- Infinite and Consciousness Personified
5.Avaneesh-Lord of the whole World
6.Avighna-Remover of Obstacles
7.Balaganapati- Beloved and Lovable Child
8.Bhalchandra- Moon-Crested Lord
9.Bheema-Huge and Gigantic
10.Bhupati-Lord of the Gods
11.Bhuvanpati- God of the Gods
12.Buddhinath- God of Wisdom
13.Buddhipriya- Knowledge Bestower
14.Buddhividhata-God of Knowledge
15.Chaturbhuj -One who has Four Arms
16.Devadeva -Lord of All Lords
17.Devantakanashakarin- Destroyer of Evils and Asuras
18.Devavrata -One who accepts all Penances
19.Devendrashika- Protector of All Gods
20.Dharmik -One who gives Charity
21.Dhoomravarna -Smoke-Hued Lord
22.Durja- Invincible Lord
23.Dvaimatura -One who has two Mothers
24.Ekaakshara- He of the Single Syllable
25.Ekadanta -Single-Tusked Lord
26.Ekadrishta -Single-Tusked Lord
27.Eshanputra -Lord Shiva’s Son
28.Gadadhara -One who has The Mace as His Weapon
29.Gajakarna -One who has Eyes like an Elephant
30.Gajanana -Elephant-Faced Lord
31.Gajananeti -Elephant-Faced Lord
32.Gajavakra -Trunk of The Elephant
33.Gajavaktra -One who has Mouth like an Elephant
34.Ganadhakshya -Lord of All Ganas (Gods)
35.Ganadhyakshina -Leader of All The Celestial Bodies
36.Ganapati -Lord of All Ganas (Gods)
37.Gaurisuta -The Son of Gauri (Parvati)
38.Gunina -One who is The Master of All Virtues
39.Haridra - One who is Golden Coloured
40.Heramba -Mother’s Beloved Son
41.Kapila - Yellowish-Brown Coloured
42.Kaveesha - Master of Poets
43.Kirti - Lord of Music
44.Kripalu - Merciful Lord
45.Krishapingaksha - Yellowish-Brown Eyed
46.Kshamakaram - The Place of Forgiveness
47.Kshipra - One who is easy to Appease
48.Lambakarna - Large-Eared Lord
49.Lambodara - The Huge Bellied Lord
50.Mahabala - Enormously Strong Lord
51.Mahaganapati - Omnipotent and Supreme Lord
52.Maheshwaram - Lord of The Universe
53.Mangalamurti -All Auspicious Lord
54.Manomay - Winner of Hearts
55.Mrityuanjaya - Conqueror of Death
56.Mundakarama - Abode of Happiness
57.Muktidaya - Bestower of Eternal Bliss
58.Musikvahana - One who has Mouse as His Charioteer
59.Nadapratithishta - One who Appreciates and Loves Music
60.Namasthetu - Vanquisher of All Evils and Vices and Sins
61.Nandana - Lord Shiva’s Son
62.Nideeshwaram - Giver of Wealth and Treasures
63.Omkara - One who has the Form Of OM
64.Pitambara - One who has Yellow-Coloured Body
65.Pramoda - Lord of All Abodes
66.Prathameshwara - First Among All
67.Purush - The Omnipotent Personality
68.Rakta - One who has Red-Coloured Body
69.Rudrapriya - Beloved Of Lord Shiva
70.Sarvadevatman -Acceptor of All Celestial Offerings
71.Sarvasiddhanta - Bestower of Skills and Wisdom
72.Sarvatman - Protector of The Universe
73.Shambhavi - The Son of Parvati
74.Shashivarnam - One who has a Moon like Complexion
75.Shoorpakarna - Large-Eared Lord
76.Shuban - All Auspicious Lord
77.Shubhagunakanan - One who is The Master of All Virtues
78.Shweta -One who is as Pure as the White Colour
79.Siddhidhata - Bestower of Success and Accomplishments
80.Siddhipriya - Bestower of Wishes and Boons
81.Siddhivinayaka - Bestower of Success
82.Skandapurvaja - Elder Brother of Skand (Lord Kartik)
83.Sumukha - Auspicious Face
84.Sureshwaram - Lord of All Lords
85.Swaroop - Lover of Beauty
86.Tarun - Ageless
87.Uddanda - Nemesis of Evils and Vices
88.Umaputra - The Son of Goddess Uma (Parvati)
89.Vakratunda - Curved Trunk Lord
90.Varaganapati - Bestower of Boons
91.Varaprada - Granter of Wishes and Boons
92.Varadavinayaka - Bestower of Success
93.Veeraganapati - Heroic Lord
94.Vidyavaridhi - God of Wisdom
95.Vighnahara - Remover of Obstacles
96.Vignaharta - Demolisher of Obstacles
97.Vighnaraja - Lord of All Hindrances
98.Vighnarajendra - Lord of All Obstacles
99.Vighnavinashanaya - Destroyer of All Obstacles and Impediments
100.Vigneshwara - Lord of All Obstacles
101.Vikat - Huge and Gigantic
102.Vinayaka - Lord of All
103.Vishwamukha - Master of The Universe
104.Vishwaraja - King of The World
105.Yagnakaya - Acceptor of All Sacred and Sacrficial Offerings
106.Yashaskaram - Bestower of Fame and Fortune
107.Yashvasin - Beloved and Ever Popular Lord
108.Yogadhipa - The Lord of Meditation

Twelve -12 Jyotirlinga - Om Namah Shivay -Har Har Mahadev

Jyotirlinga or Jyotirlingam,
Jyoti means 'radiance' and lingam the 'Image or Sign' of Shiva;
Lord Shiva is the most revered Gods by Hindus all across the world. Worshipped in the form of Shivlinga, Lord Shiva is believed to bless all his true devotees with salvation.
Originally there were believed to be 64 jyothirlingas while 12 of them are considered to be very auspicious and holy.Twelve traditional Jyotirlinga :
The twelve jyothirlinga are:

From north to South in India:
1.  Kedarnath in Rudraprayag, Uttarakhand
2.  Vishwanath in Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh
3.  Baidyanath in Deoghar, Jharkhand
4.  Mahakaleswar in Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh
5.  Omkareshwar in Khandwa, Madhya Pradesh
6.  Somnath in Gir Somnath, Gujarat
7.  Nageshvara in Dwarka, Gujarat
8.  Grishneshwar in Ellora, Maharashtra
9.  Trimbakeshwar in Nashik, Maharashtra
10. Bhimashankar in Bhimashankar, Maharashtra
11. Mallikarjuna in Srisailam, Andhra Pradesh
12. Ramanathaswamy in Rameshwaram, Tamil Nadu

Maharashtra state has the maximum number of Jyotirlingas ,three.

According to the beliefs of Hindu mythology, whosoever does the divine darshans of these 12 holy Jyotirlingas, will be released from the cycle of life and death.


108 Names Of Lord Shiva ,108 Mantra with their meaning:

1.
शिव
Name:Shiva
ॐ शिवाय नमः।
Mantra:Om Shivaya Namah।
Meaning:Always Pure

2.
महेश्वर
Name:Maheshwara
ॐ महेश्वराय नमः।
Mantra:Om Maheshwaraya Namah।
Meaning:Lord Of Gods

3.
शंभवे
Name:Shambhu
ॐ शंभवे नमः।
Mantra:Om Shambhave Namah।
Meaning:One Who Bestows Prosperity

4.
पिनाकिने
Name:Pinakin
ॐ पिनाकिने नमः।
Mantra:Om Pinakine Namah।
Meaning:One Who Has A Bow In His Hand

5.
शशिशेखर
Name:Shashi Shekhara
ॐ शशिशेखराय नमः।
Mantra:Om Shashishekharaya Namah।
Meaning:The God Who Wears The Crescent Moon In His Hair

6.
वामदेवाय
Name:Vamadeva
ॐ वामदेवाय नमः।
Mantra:Om Vamadevaya Namah।
Meaning:The God Who Is Pleasing And Auspicious In Every Way

7.
विरूपाक्ष
Name:Virupaksha
ॐ विरूपाक्षाय नमः।
Mantra:Om Virupakshaya Namah।
Meaning:Lord Shiva With Oblique Eyes

8.
कपर्दी
Name:Kapardi
ॐ कपर्दिने नमः।
Mantra:Om Kapardine Namah।
Meaning:The Lord With Thickly Matted Hair

9.
नीललोहित
Name:Nilalohita
ॐ नीललोहिताय नमः।
Mantra:Om Nilalohitaya Namah।
Meaning:The One With Red And Blue Colour

10.
शंकर
Name:Shankara
ॐ शंकराय नमः।
Mantra:Om Shankaraya Namah।
Meaning:One Who Gives Happiness And prosperity

11.
शूलपाणी
Name:Shulapani
ॐ शूलपाणये नमः।
Mantra:Om Shulapanaye Namah।
Meaning:The One Who Carries A Trident

12.
खटवांगी
Name:Khatvangi
ॐ खट्वांगिने नमः।
Mantra:Om Khatvangine Namah।
Meaning:The God Who Carries A Knurled Club (Khatvanga)

13.
विष्णुवल्लभ
Name:Vishnuvallabha
ॐ विष्णुवल्लभाय नमः।
Mantra:Om Vishnuvallabhaya Namah।
Meaning:The One Who Is Dear To Lord Vishnu

14.
शिपिविष्ट
Name:Shipivishta
ॐ शिपिविष्टाय नमः।
Mantra:Om Shipivishtaya Namah।
Meaning:The Lord Whose Form Emits Great Rays Of Light

15.
अंबिकानाथ
Name:Ambikanatha
ॐ अंबिकानाथाय नमः।
Mantra:Om Ambikanathaya Namah।
Meaning:Consort of Ambika (Parvati)

16.
श्रीकण्ठ
Name:Shrikantha
ॐ श्रीकण्ठाय नमः।
Mantra:Om Shrikanthaya Namah।
Meaning:Of Glorious Neck

17.
भक्तवत्सल
Name:Bhaktavatsala
ॐ भक्तवत्सलाय नमः।
Mantra:Om Bhaktavatsalaya Namah।
Meaning:The One Who Is Favourably Inclined Towards His Devotees

18.
भव
Name:Bhava
ॐ भवाय नमः।
Mantra:Om Bhavaya Namah।
Meaning:The God Who Is Existence Itself

19.
शर्व
Name:Sharva
ॐ शर्वाय नमः।
Mantra:Om Sharvaya Namah।
Meaning:Remover Of All Troubles

20.
त्रिलोकेश
Name:Trilokesha
ॐ त्रिलोकेशाय नमः।
Mantra:Om Trilokeshaya Namah।
Meaning:The Lord Of All The Three Worlds

21.
शितिकण्ठ
Name:Shitikantha
ॐ शितिकण्ठाय नमः।
Mantra:Om Shitikanthaya Namah।
Meaning:The Lord Who Has White Neck

22.
शिवाप्रिय
Name:Shivapriya
ॐ शिवा प्रियाय नमः।
Mantra:Om Shiva Priyaya Namah।
Meaning:Beloved Of Parvati

23.
उग्र
Name:Ugra
ॐ उग्राय नमः।
Mantra:Om Ugraya Namah।
Meaning:The One Who Has Extremely Fierce Nature

24.
कपाली
Name:Kapali
ॐ कपालिने नमः।
Mantra:Om Kapaline Namah।
Meaning:One Who Wears A Necklace Of Skulls

25.
कामारी
Name:Kamari
ॐ कामारये नमः।
Mantra:Om Kamaraye Namah।
Meaning:Enemy of Kamadeva

26.
अंधकारसुर सूदन
Name:Andhakasura Sudana
ॐ अन्धकासुरसूदनाय नमः।
Mantra:Om Andhakasurasudanaya Namah।
Meaning:The Lord Who Killed The Asura Andhaka

27.
गंगाधर
Name:Gangadhara
ॐ गंगाधराय नमः।
Mantra:Om Gangadharaya Namah।
Meaning:The God Who Holds The Ganges River In His Hair

28.
ललाटाक्ष
Name:Lalataksha
ॐ ललाटाक्षाय नमः।
Mantra:Om Lalatakshaya Namah।
Meaning:One Who Has An Eye In The Forehead

29.
कालकाल
Name:Kalakala
ॐ कालकालाय नमः।
Mantra:Om Kalakalaya Namah।
Meaning:He Is The Death Of Death

30.
कृपानिधि
Name:Kripanidhi
ॐ कृपानिधये नमः।
Mantra:Om Kripanidhaye Namah।
Meaning:The God Who Is The Treasure Of Compassion

31.
भीम
Name:Bheema
ॐ भीमाय नमः।
Mantra:Om Bhimaya Namah।
Meaning:The One Who Has Fearful Form

32.
परशुहस्त
Name:Parshuhasta
ॐ परशुहस्ताय नमः।
Mantra:Om Parashuhastaya Namah।
Meaning:The God Who Holds Axe In Hands

33.
मृगपाणी
Name:Mrigpaani
ॐ मृगपाणये नमः।
Mantra:Om Mrigapanaye Namah।
Meaning:The God Who Possess Deer In Hands

34.
जटाधर
Name:Jattadhar
ॐ जटाधराय नमः।
Mantra:Om Jatadharaya Namah।
Meaning:The God Who Keeps Tress (Jata)

35.
कैलाशवासी
Name:Kailashavasi
ॐ कैलाशवासिने नमः।
Mantra:Om Kailashavasine Namah।
Meaning:Native Of Kailasha

36.
कवची
Name:Kawachi
ॐ कवचिने नमः।
Mantra:Om Kawachine Namah।
Meaning:The God Who Possess Armour

37.
कठोर
Name:Kathor
ॐ कठोराय नमः।
Mantra:Om Kathoraya Namah।
Meaning:The God Who Has A Strong Body

38.
त्रिपुरान्तक
Name:Tripurantak
ॐ त्रिपुरान्तकाय नमः।
Mantra:Om Tripurantakaya Namah।
Meaning:The God Who Killed Tripurasura

39.
वृषांक
Name:Vrishanka
ॐ वृषांकाय नमः।
Mantra:Om Vrishankaya Namah।
Meaning:The God Who Has A Flag With A Symbol Of Bull

40.
वृषभारूढ़
Name:Vrishbharudh
ॐ वृषभारूढाय नमः।
Mantra:Om Vrishabharudhaya Namah।
Meaning:The One Who Rides Bull

41.
भस्मोद्धूलितविग्रह
Name:Bhasmodhulitavigrah
ॐ भस्मोद्धूलितविग्रहाय नमः।
Mantra:Om Bhasmodhulitavigrahaya Namah।
Meaning:The One Who Applies Ashes All Over The Body

42.
सामप्रिय
Name:Samapriya
ॐ सामप्रियाय नमः।
Mantra:Om Samapriyaya Namah।
Meaning:The One Who Loves With Equality

43.
स्वरमयी
Name:Swaramayi
ॐ स्वरमयाय नमः।
Mantra:Om Swaramayaya Namah।
Meaning:The God Who Lives In All Seven Notes

44.
त्रयीमूर्ति
Name:Trayimurti
ॐ त्रयीमूर्तये नमः।
Mantra:Om Trayimurtaye Namah।
Meaning:The One Who Possess Veda Form

45.
अनीश्वर
Name:Anishvara
ॐ अनीश्वराय नमः।
Mantra:Om Anishwaraya Namah।
Meaning:The One Who Does Not Have Any Lord

46.
सर्वज्ञ
Name:Sarvagya
ॐ सर्वज्ञाय नमः।
Mantra:Om Sarvajnaya Namah।
Meaning:The One Who Knows Everything

47.
परमात्मा
Name:Paramatma
ॐ परमात्मने नमः।
Mantra:Om Paramatmane Namah।
Meaning:Everyone's Own Soul

48.
सोमसूर्याग्निलोचन
Name:Somasuryaagnilochana
ॐ सोमसूर्याग्निलोचनाय नमः।
Mantra:Om Somasuryagnilochanaya Namah।
Meaning:The One Who Has Eyes In The Form Of Sun, Moon And Fire

49.
हवि
Name:Havi
ॐ हविषे नमः।
Mantra:Om Havishe Namah।
Meaning:He Who Is Wealthy In The Form Of Ahuti

50.
यज्ञमय
Name:Yagyamaya
ॐ यज्ञमयाय नमः।
Mantra:Om Yajnamayaya Namah।
Meaning:The Architect Of All Sacrificial Rites

51.
सोम
Name:Soma
ॐ सोमाय नमः।
Mantra:Om Somaya Namah।
Meaning:The One Who Includes The Form Of Uma

52.
पंचवक्त्र
Panchavaktra
ॐ पंचवक्त्राय नमः।
Mantra:Om Panchavaktraya Namah।
Meaning:God Of The Five Activities

53.
सदाशिव
Name:Sadashiva
ॐ सदाशिवाय नमः।
Mantra:Om Sadashivaya Namah।
Meaning:The One Who Is Eternally Auspicious

54.
विश्वेश्वर
Name:Vishveshwara
ॐ विश्वेश्वराय नमः।
Mantra:Om Vishveshwaraya Namah।
Meaning:Lord Of The Universe

55.
वीरभद्र
Veerabhadra
ॐ वीरभद्राय नमः।
Mantra:Om Virabhadraya Namah।
Meaning:Who Is Violent , Yet Peaceful

56.
गणनाथ
Name:Gananatha
ॐ गणनाथाय नमः।
Mantra:Om Gananathaya Namah।
Meaning:God Of The Ganas

57.
प्रजापति
Name:Prajapati
ॐ प्रजापतये नमः।
Mantra:Om Prajapataye Namah।
Meaning:The One Who Is The Creator Of Dynasty

58.
हिरण्यरेता
Name:Hiranyareta
ॐ हिरण्यरेतसे नमः।
Mantra:Om Hiranyaretase Namah।
Meaning:The One Who Emanates Golden Souls

59.
दुर्धर्ष
Name:Durdharsha
ॐ दुर्धर्षाय नमः।
Mantra:Om Durdharshaya Namah।
Meaning:The One who Is Unconquerable

60.
गिरीश
Name:Girisha
ॐ गिरीशाय नमः।
Mantra:Om Girishaya Namah।
Meaning:Lord Of Mountains

61.
गिरिश
Name:Girisha
ॐ गिरिशाय नमः।
Mantra:Om Girishaya Namah।
Meaning:The God Who Sleeps On Kailash Mountain

62.
अनघ
Name:Anagha
ॐ अनघाय नमः।
Mantra:Om Anaghaya Namah।
Meaning:He Who Is Pure

63.
भुजंगभूषण
Name:Bujangabhushana
ॐ भुजंगभूषणाय नमः।
Mantra:Om Bujangabhushanaya Namah।
Meaning:Lord Adorned With Golden Snakes

64.
भर्ग
Name:Bharga
ॐ भर्गाय नमः।
Mantra:Om Bhargaya Namah।
Meaning:Lord Who Ends All Sins

65.
गिरिधन्वा
Name:Giridhanva
ॐ गिरिधन्वने नमः।
Mantra:Om Giridhanvane Namah।
Meaning:God Whose Weapon Is A Mountain

66.
गिरिप्रिय
Name:Giripriya
ॐ गिरिप्रियाय नमः।
Mantra:Om Giripriyaya Namah।
Meaning:Lord Who Is Fond Of Mountains

67.
कृत्तिवासा
Name:krittivasaa
ॐ कृत्तिवाससे नमः।
Mantra:Om krittivasase Namah।
Meaning:God Who Wears Clothes Of Elephant Skin

68.
पुराराति
Name:Purarati
ॐ पुरारातये नमः।
Mantra:Om Purarataye Namah।
Meaning:Destroyer OF Town Or "Pur" Named Enemy

69.
भगवान्
Name:Bhagwaan
ॐ भगवते नमः।
Mantra:Om Bhagawate Namah।
Meaning:God Of Prosperity

70.
प्रमथाधिप
Name:Pramathadhipa
ॐ प्रमथाधिपाय नमः।
Mantra:Om Pramathadhipaya Namah।
Meaning:God Who Is Served By Goblins

71.
मृत्युंजय
Name:Mrityunjaya
ॐ मृत्युंजयाय नमः।
Mantra:Om Mrityunjayaya Namah।
Meaning:Victor Of Death

72.
सूक्ष्मतनु
Name:Sukshamatanu
ॐ सूक्ष्मतनवे नमः।
Mantra:Om Sukshmatanave Namah।
Meaning:God Who Has A Subtle Body

73.
जगद्व्यापी
Name:Jagadvyapi
ॐ जगद्व्यापिने नमः।
Mantra:Om Jagadvyapine Namah।
Meaning:God Who Lives In The World

74.
जगद्गुरू
Name:Jagadguru
ॐ जगद्गुरुवे नमः।
Mantra:Om Jagadguruve Namah।
Meaning:Guru Of All The Worlds

75.
व्योमकेश
Name:Vyomakesha
ॐ व्योमकेशाय नमः।
Mantra:Om Vyomakeshaya Namah।
Meaning:Whose Hair Spreads In The Sky

76.
महासेनजनक
Name:Mahasenajanaka
ॐ महासेनजनकाय नमः।
Mantra:Om Mahasenajanakaya Namah।
Meaning:Father Of Kartikya

77.
चारुविक्रम
Name:Charuvikrama
ॐ चारुविक्रमाय नमः।
Mantra:Om Charuvikramaya Namah।
Meaning:The Guardian Of Wandering Pilgrims

78.
रुद्र
Name:Rudra
ॐ रुद्राय नमः।
Mantra:Om Rudraya Namah।
Meaning:The One Who Gets Sad By The Pain Of Devotees

79.
भूतपति
Name:Bhootapati
ॐ भूतपतये नमः।
Mantra:Om Bhutapataye Namah।
Meaning:Lord Of Panchabhoota Or Bhootapreta

80.
स्थाणु
Name:Sthanu
ॐ स्थाणवे नमः।
Mantra:Om Sthanave Namah।
Meaning:Firm And Immovable Deity

81.
अहिर्बुध्न्य
Name:Ahirbhudhanya
ॐ अहिर्बुध्न्याय नमः।
Mantra:Om Ahirbudhnyaya Namah।
Meaning:The One Who Possess Kundalini

82.
दिगम्बर
Name:Digambara
ॐ दिगंबराय नमः।
Mantra:Om Digambaraya Namah।
Meaning:The God Whose Robes Is The Cosmos

83.
अष्टमूर्ति
Name:Ashtamurti
ॐ अष्टमूर्तये नमः।
Mantra:Om Ashtamurtaye Namah।
Meaning:Lord Who Has Eight Forms

84.
अनेकात्मा
Name:Anekatma
ॐ अनेकात्मने नमः।
Mantra:Om Anekatmane Namah।
Meaning:The God Who Possess Many Forms

85.
सात्विक
Name:Satvika
ॐ सात्विकाय नमः।
Mantra:Om Satvikaya Namah।
Meaning:Lord Of Boundless Energy

86.
शुद्धविग्रह
Name:Shuddhavigraha
ॐ शुद्धविग्रहाय नमः।
Mantra:Om Shuddhavigrahaya Namah।
Meaning:Lord Of Pure Soul

87.
शाश्वत
Name:Shashvata
ॐ शाश्वताय नमः।
Mantra:Om Shashvataya Namah।
Meaning:Lord Who Is Eternal And Endless

88.
खण्डपरशु
Name:Khandaparshu
ॐ खण्डपरशवे नमः।
Mantra:Om Khandaparashave Namah।
Meaning:Lord Who Wears Broken Axe

89.
अज
Name:Aja
ॐ अजाय नमः।
Mantra:Om Ajaya Namah।
Meaning:The One Who Is Boundless

90.
पाशविमोचन
Name:Pashvimochana
ॐ पाशविमोचकाय नमः।
Mantra:Om Pashavimochakaya Namah।
Meaning:Lord Who Releases All Fetters

91.
मृड
Name:Mrida
ॐ मृडाय नमः।
Mantra:Om Mridaya Namah।
Meaning:The Lord Who Shows Only Mercy

92.
पशुपति
Name:Pashupati
ॐ पशुपतये नमः।
Mantra:Om Pashupataye Namah।
Meaning:Lord Of Animals

93.
देव
Name:Deva
ॐ देवाय नमः।
Mantra:Om Devaya Namah।
Meaning:Lord Of Devas

94.
महादेव
Name:Mahadeva
ॐ महादेवाय नमः।
Mantra:Om Mahadevaya Namah।
Meaning:Greatest Of The Gods

95.
अव्यय
Name:Avayaya
ॐ अव्ययाय नमः।
Mantra:Om Avyayaya Namah।
Meaning:The One Who Never Subject To Change

96.
हरि
Name:Hari
ॐ हरये नमः।
Mantra:Om Haraye Namah।
Meaning:Same As Lord Vishnu

97.
भगनेत्रभिद्
Name:Bhagnetrabhid
ॐ भगनेत्रभिदे नमः।
Mantra:Om Bhaganetrabhide Namah।
Meaning:The Lord Who Damaged Bhaga's Eye

98.
अव्यक्त
Name:Avayayat
ॐ अव्यक्ताय नमः।
Mantra:Om Avyaktaya Namah।
Meaning:Shiva Who Is Unseen

99.
दक्षाध्वरहर
Name:Dakshadhwarahara
ॐ दक्षाध्वरहराय नमः।
Mantra:Om Dakshadhwaraharaya Namah।
Meaning:Destroyer Of Daksha's Conceited Sacrifice (Yagya)

100.
हर
Name:Har
ॐ हराय नमः।
Mantra:Om Haraya Namah।
Meaning:The Lord Who Dissolves All Bondage And Sins

101.
पूषदन्तभित्
Name:Pushadantabhit
ॐ पूषदन्तभिदे नमः।
Mantra:Om Pushadantabhide Namah।
Meaning:One Who Punished Pushan

102.
अव्यग्र
Name:Avyagra
ॐ अव्यग्राय नमः।
Mantra:Om Avyagraya Namah।
Meaning:Lord Who Is Steady And Unwavering

103.
सहस्राक्ष
Name:Sahsraksha
ॐ सहस्राक्षाय नमः।
Mantra:Om Sahasrakshaya Namah।
Meaning:One Who Has Limitless Forms

104.
सहस्रपाद
Name:Sahasrapada
ॐ सहस्रपदे नमः।
Mantra:Om Sahasrapade Namah।
Meaning:The Lord Who Is Standing And Walking Everywhere

105.
अपवर्गप्रद
Name:Apavargaprada
ॐ अपवर्गप्रदाय नमः।
Mantra:Om Apavargapradaya Namah।
Meaning:Lord Who Gives And Takes All Things

106.
अनन्त
Name:Ananta
ॐ अनन्ताय नमः।
Mantra:Om Anantaya Namah।
Meaning:The One Who Is unending

107.
तारक
Name:Taraka
ॐ तारकाय नमः।
Mantra:Om Tarakaya Namah।
Meaning:The Lord Who Is Great Liberator Of Mankind

108.
परमेश्वर
Name:Parameshwara
ॐ परमेश्वराय नमः।
Mantra:Om Parameshwaraya Namah।
Meaning:The Great God

Quiz to solve with personalities identification by the given statement

Quiz to Solve:

Identify the personalities and the company they own from the given statements:

---

1)Owner of the world largest thyroid testing company started his career as a shift chemist at Gemini capsules. Presently he owns no car, lives in a small quarter , but helm a Rs 1,320- crore company.
Answer : Dr Arokiaswamy Velumani
Company :Thyrocare Technologies Limited 

---

2)He used to make detergent powder in the backyard of his house in Ahmadabad and then carry out door to door selling of his hand made product. He managed to offer his detergent powder for cheaper rate and so it became a huge success.
Answer : Dr.Karsanbhai Khodidas Patel
Company :Nirma

---

3)He started his entrepreneurial career by selling bhajias to pilgrims in Mount Girnar over the weekends.In 1958 he set up a textile trading company. He was known as the great creator of wealth in the country.
Answer : Dhirajlal Hirachand Ambani (Dhirubhai Ambani)
Company : Reliance Industries

---

4)Due to her family's financial situation, she was admitted into a welfare orphanage.
She realized that she could start a consulting company as she was familiar with the paperwork involved with the Visa processing.
She opened an office in Phoenix in 2011. She has been successfully running her company since then.
Answer: Jyothi Reddy
Company : Key Software Solutions Inc. in Phoenix, US 

---

5)The reigning queen of Indian television industry. The serials produced by her company are a great hit with the masses and are dominating all the major T.V. channels in India.
Her company has produced more than 25 serials and each one is being shown, on an average, four times a week on different television channels.
Answer: Ekta Kapoor
Company :Balaji Telefilms

---

Trends in computer technology

Trends in computer technology:


IoT : Internet of Things

AI : Artificial Intelligence

5G networks

Serverless computing

Blockchain

Biometrics

3D priniting

Virtual reality(VR) / Augmented reality (AR)

Drones

Machine learning

Deep Learning

Digital curriencies

Accelerators and 3D

Ethics, laws, and policies for privacy, security, and liability.

Assisted transportation.

Cybersecurity

Accelerators and 3D

Data science

Biometrics

Biometrics:

Biometric meaning, its an adjective, which means relating to or involving the application of statistical analysis to biological data.
Examples include, but are not limited to fingerprint, palm veins, face recognition, DNA, palm print, hand geometry, iris recognition, retina and odour/scent.
Behavioral characteristics are related to the pattern of behavior of a person, including but not limited to typing rhythm, gait, and voice.

Use, instead of using something you have (like a key) or something you know (like a password), biometrics uses who you are to identify you.
Biometrics can use physical characteristics, like your face, fingerprints, irises or veins, or behavioral characteristics like your voice, handwriting or typing rhythm.

Biometric first used,with the widespread use of computers in the late 20th century, new possibilities for digital biometrics emerged.
Although the idea to use the iris for identification purposes was suggested in the 1930 s,
the first iris recognition algorithm wasn't patented until 1994 and became available commercially the next year.

The term “biometrics” is derived from the Greek words “bio” (life) and “metrics” (to measure).

Civil Identity, population registration and voter registration
AFIS databases (Automated Fingerprint Identification System), often linked to a civil register database,
ensure the identity and uniqueness of the citizen in relation to the rest of the population in a reliable, fast and automated way.

They can combine digital fingerprints, a photo and an iris scan for greater reliability.

Civil identity and population registration
India’s Aadhaar project ​is emblematic of biometric registration​​. It is by far the world's largest biometric identification system and
 the cornerstone of strong identification and authentication in India.

Aadhaar number is a 12-digit unique identity number issued to all Indian residents.
 This number is based on their biographic and biometric data (a photograph, ten fingerprints two iris scans).

1,24 billion people have an Aadhaar number as of June 2019, covering more that 99% of the Indian adult population.
Initially the project has been linked to public subsidy and unemployment benefit schemes but it now includes a payment scheme.

Aahaar is providing an identity to every Indian has made many services more accessible to the people.
It has reduced corruption, cost of delivery of public services and middlemen.

Biometrics offers a broad range of techniques and can be used in a wide variety of different domains, ranging from State security to the comfort of individuals.

These technologies​ are mainly used in the sectors of forensic identification, identity management, as well as for  biometric access control​ both in private and
 public institutions. The effectiveness of this technology is closely linked to the use of data processing. Data is stored in files to enable rapid and
 reliable identification, which in turn guarantees both comfort and security.

The most well-known techniques include fingerprints, face recognition, iris, palm​ and DNA-based recognition.
 Research is currently opening the way for new types of biometrics, such as ear shape or facial thermography.

Whatever the method, what all these biometric techniques have in common is that they all collect characteristics which are:

1.universal, as they can be found in all individuals
2.unique, as they make it possible to differentiate one individual from another
3.permanent, allowing for change over time
4. recordable, as the characteristics of an individual cannot be collected without their consent
5.measurable, allowing for future comparison
6.and forgery-proof.​

To increase security and accuracy, multimodal biometrics combines several biometric sources.
Multimodal biometric systems usually require two biometric credentials for positive identification such as face and fingerprints instead of one​.
They are able to overcome limitations ​ commonly encountered in unimodal systems.

For a number of years now, the use of several biometrics in combination, for example the face and the iris or the iris and fingerprints,
has made it possible to reduce error rates considerably.


Biometric needs for:
The simple truth is​ that solutions are totally related to the challenges to be met.​

The justice system, for example, which must take the necessary time to identify a criminal and cannot accept the slightest error,
 will not be worried by a long and costly process.

An everyday individual will seek to protect their own personal property and have access to it easily, at a reasonable price.

Governments and public administrations are in their case confronted with multiple issues at once: making it easier to cross borders
while controlling illegal immigration, fighting terrorism, cybercrime or electoral fraud, issuing documents compliant with new international standards and
 regulations, guaranteeing the security of systems for the production, issuing and checking of such documents, and data interoperability within the limits of their budgets. 

On this scale, only an innovative approach to global security which make use of technological solutions and
process which are adapted to the challenges to be met, can enable States to effectively address the issues
they face and provide them with the means of building trust.​

Biometric authentication relies on statistical algorithms. It therefore cannot be 100 %-reliable when used alone.

"false rejections" or "false acceptances"
​What's the story here?

In one case, the machine fails to recognize an item of biometric data that does however correspond to the person.
In the reverse case, it assimilates two items of biometric data that are not in fact from the same person.
"False rejection" or "false acceptance" are symptoms which occur with all techniques used in biometrics.

Biometrics can fulfill two distinct functions, authentication and identification

Biometric sensor cards:
Another form of delivering a safe and convenient way to authenticate people has been enabled with the integration of fingerprint scanner into smart cards.
These biometric sensor cards open up a new dimension in identification with an easy-to-use, portable and secure device.
They are being launched in 2018 for the first time by Bank of Cyprus and Gemalto for EMV contact less and contact payment.
They use fingerprint recognition instead of a PIN code to authenticate the cardholder.

The cards can also be tailored to support access, physical or online identity verification services.

As user's biometric data is stored on the card, not on a central database, customer details are highly protected if the bank was to suffer a cyber-attack.
 Likewise, if the card was to become lost or stolen,  the holder's fingerprint could not be replicated.

Put it in another way: the biometric identifiers are checked locally and protected, as they are stored solely on the card. They never leave the card.

Machine Learning

Machine learning:

Machine learning (ML) is the scientific study of algorithms and statistical models that computer systems use to perform a specific task without using explicit instructions,relying on patterns and inference instead.

It focuses on making predictions using computers.Machine learning algorithms are used where it is difficult or infeasible to develop a conventional algorithm for effectively performing the task.

The name machine learning was coined in 1959 by Arthur Samuel,Tom M. Mitchell provided a widely quoted,more formal definition of the algorithms studied in the machine learning field:

"A computer program is said to learn from experience E with respect to some class of tasks T and 

performance measure P if its performance at tasks in T, as measured by P, improves with experience E."

This definition of the tasks in which machine learning is concerned offers a fundamentally operational definition rather than defining the field in cognitive terms.

This follows Alan Turing's proposal in his paper "Computing Machinery and Intelligence", in which the question "Can machines think?" is replaced with the question "Can machines do what we (as thinking entities) can do?".

In Turing's proposal the various characteristics that could be possessed by a thinking machine and the various implications in constructing one are exposed.

Choosing the right algorithm is both a combination of business need, specification, experimentation and time available.

Even the most experienced data scientists cannot tell you which algorithm will perform the best before experimenting with others. 

Types :

There are four types of machine learning algorithms:

    supervised, semi-supervised, unsupervised and reinforcement.

List of Common Machine Learning Algorithms:

Here is the list of commonly used machine learning algorithms.

These algorithms can be applied to almost any data problem:

1)Linear Regression

2)Logistic Regression

3)Decision Tree

4)SVM

5)Naive Bayes

6)kNN

7)K-Means

8)Random Forest

9)Dimensionality Reduction Algorithms

10)Gradient Boosting algorithms : i) GBM ,ii) XGBoost, iii)LightGBM , iv)CatBoost , v)Robotics

The most common and popular machine learning algorithms:

1)Naïve Bayes Classifier Algorithm (Supervised Learning - Classification)

2)K Means Clustering Algorithm (Unsupervised Learning - Clustering)

3)Linear Regression (Supervised Learning/Regression)

4)Logistic Regression (Supervised learning – Classification)

5)Support Vector Machine Algorithm (Supervised Learning - Classification)

6)Artificial Neural Networks (Reinforcement Learning)

7)Decision Trees (Supervised Learning – Classification/Regression)

8)Random Forests (Supervised Learning – Classification/Regression)

9)Nearest Neighbours (Supervised Learning)

Solve New Question and Answer

1. Select the alternative which consists of positive factors contributing to effectiveness of teaching :
  List of factors :
(a) Teacher’s knowledge of the subject. 
(b) Teacher’s socio-economic background. 
(c) Communication skill of the teacher.
(d) Teacher’s ability to please the students.
(e) Teacher’s personal contact with students.
(f) Teacher’s competence in managing and monitoring the classroom transactions. 
Codes : 
(1) (b), (c) and (d)
(2) (c), (d) and (f) 
(3) (b), (d) and (e)
(4) (a), (c) and (f) 

2. The use of teaching aids is justified on the grounds of  
(1) attracting students’ attention in the class room. 
(2) minimising indiscipline problems in the classroom. 
(3) optimising learning outcomes of students. 
(4) effective engagement of students in learning tasks. 

3. Assertion (A) : The purpose of higher education is to promote critical and creative thinking abilities among students. 
Reason (R) : These abilities ensure job placements. 
Choose the correct answer from the following code : 
(1) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). 
(2) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). 
(3) (A) is true but (R) is false. 
(4) (A) is false but (R) is true. 

4. Match the items of the first set with that of the second set in respect of evaluation system.
 Choose the correct code :
 Set – I                 Set – II
a. Formative evaluation         i. Evaluating cognitive and co-cognitive aspects with regularity
b. Summative evaluation         ii. Tests and their interpretations based on a group and certain yardsticks
c. Continuous and comprehensive evaluation     iii. Grading the final learning outcomes
d. Norm and criterion referenced tests     iv. Quizzes and discussions 

Codes :
      a     b     c     d
 (1)     iv     iii     i     ii
 (2)     i     ii     iii     iv
 (3)     iii     iv     ii     i
 (4)     i     iii     iv     ii


5. A researcher intends to explore the effect of possible factors for the organization of effective mid-day meal interventions.
 Which research method will be most appropriate for this study ? 
(1) Historical method
(2) Descriptive survey method 
(3) Experimental method
(4) Ex-post-facto method 

6. Which of the following is an initial mandatory requirement for pursuing research ?
(1) Developing a research design
(2) Formulating a research question 
(3) Deciding about the data analysis procedure 
(4) Formulating a research hypothesis 

7. The format of thesis writing is the same as in 
(1) preparation of a research paper/article 
(2) writing of seminar presentation 
(3) a research dissertation 
(4) presenting a workshop / conference paper 

8. In qualitative research paradigm, which of the following features may be considered critical ? 
(1) Data collection with standardised research tools. 
(2) Sampling design with probability sample techniques. 
(3) Data collection with bottom-up empirical evidences. 
(4) Data gathering to take place with top-down systematic evidences. 

9. From the following list of statements identify the set which has negative implications for ‘research ethics’ : 
(i) A researcher critically looks at the findings of another research. 
(ii) Related studies are cited without proper references. 
(iii) Research findings are made the basis for policy making. 
(iv) Conduct of practitioner is screened in terms of reported research evidences. 
(v) A research study is replicated with a view to verify the evidences from other researches. 
(vi) Both policy making and policy implementing processes are regulated in terms of preliminary studies. 
Codes : 
(1) (i), (ii) and (iii)
(2) (ii), (iii) and (iv) 
(3) (ii), (iv) and (vi)
(4) (i), (iii) and (v) 

10. In a research on the effect of child-rearing practices on stress-proneness of children in completing school projects,
 the hypothesis formulated is that ‘child rearing practices do influence stress-proneness’.
At the data-analysis stage a null hypothesis is advanced to find out the tenability of research hypothesis.
On the basis of the evidence available, the null hypothesis is rejected at 0.01 level of significance.
What decision may be warranted in respect of the research hypothesis ?
 (1) The research hypothesis will also be rejected. 
(2) The research hypothesis will be accepted. 
(3) Both the research hypothesis and the null hypothesis will be rejected. 
(4) No decision can be taken in respect of the research hypothesis.

Read the following passage carefully and answer question numbers from 11 to 16 :
 In terms of labour, for decades the relatively low cost and high quality of Japanese workers conferred considerable
competitive advantage across numerous durable goods and consumer- electronics industries (eg. Machinery, automobiles, televisions, radios). Then labour-based advantages shifted to South Korea, then to Malaysia, Mexico and other nations. Today, China appears to be capitalizing best on the basis of labour. Japanese firms still remain competitive in markets for such durable goods, electronics and other products, but the labour force is no longer sufficient for competitive advantage over manufacturers in other industrializing nations. Such shifting of labour-based advantage is clearly not limited to manufacturing industries. Today, a huge number of IT and service jobs are moving from Europe and North America to India, Singapore, and like countries with relatively well-educated, low-cost workforces possessing technical skills. However, as educational levels and technical skills continue to rise in other countries, India, Singapore, and like nations enjoying labour-based competitive advantage today are likely to find such advantage cannot be sustained through emergence of new competitors. In terms of capital, for centuries the days of gold coins and later even paper money restricted financial flows. Subsequently regional concentrations were formed where large banks, industries and markets coalesced. But today capital flows internationally at rapid speed. Global commerce no longer requires regional interactions among business players. Regional capital concentrations in places such as New York, London and Tokyo still persist, of course, but the capital concentrated there is no longer sufficient for competitive advantage over other capitalists distributed worldwide. Only if an organization is able to combine, integrate and apply its resources (eg. Land, labour, capital, IT) in an effective manner that is not readily imitable by competitors can such an organization enjoy competitive advantage sustainable overtime. In a knowledge-based theory of the firm, this idea is extended to view organizational knowledge as a resource with atleast the same level of power and importance as the traditional economic inputs. An organization with superior knowledge can achieve competitive advantage in markets that appreciate the application of such knowledge. Semiconductors, genetic engineering, pharmaceuticals, software, military warfare, and like knowledge-intensive competitive arenas provide both time-proven and current examples. Consider semiconductors (e.g. computer chips), which are made principally of sand and common metals. These ubiquitous and powerful electronic devices are designed within common office buildings, using commercially available tools, and fabricated within factories in many industrialized nations. Hence, land is not the key competitive resource in the semiconductor industry.
  Based on the passage answer the following questions :
  11. Which country enjoyed competitive advantages in automobile industry for decades ?
(1) South Korea
(2) Japan 
(3) Mexico
(4) Malaysia 

12. Why labour-based competitive advantages of India and Singapore cannot be sustained in IT and service sectors ?
(1) Due to diminishing levels of skill. 
(2) Due to capital-intensive technology making inroads. 
(3) Because of new competitors. 
(4) Because of shifting of labour-based advantage in manufacturing industries. 

13. How can an organisation enjoy competitive advantage sustainable overtime ? 
(1) Through regional capital flows. 
(2) Through regional interactions among business players. 
(3) By making large banks, industries and markets coalesced. 
(4) By effective use of various instrumentalities. 

14. What is required to ensure competitive advantages in specific markets ? 
(1) Access to capital
(2) Common office buildings 
(3) Superior knowledge
(4) Common metals 

15. The passage also mentions about the trend of 
(1) Global financial flow 
(2) Absence of competition in manufacturing industry 
(3) Regionalisation of capitalists 
(4) Organizational incompatibility 

16. What does the author lay stress on in the passage ? 
(1) International commerce
(2) Labour-Intensive industries 
(3) Capital resource management
(4) Knowledge-driven competitive advantage

17. Imagine you are working in an educational institution where people are of equal status. Which method of communication is best suited and normally  employed in such a context ?
 (1) Horizontal communication 
(2) Vertical communication 
(3) Corporate communication 
(4) Cross communication 

18. Identify the important element a teacher has to take cognizance of while addressing students in a classroom.
(1) Avoidance of proximity 
(2) Voice modulation 
(3) Repetitive pause 
(4) Fixed posture 

19. What are the barriers to effective communication ?
(1) Moralising, being judgemental and comments of consolation.
(2) Dialogue, summary and self-review. 
(3) Use of simple words, cool reaction and defensive attitude. 
(4) Personal statements, eye contact and simple narration. 

20. The choice of communication partners is influenced by factors of  
(1) Proximity, utility, loneliness 
(2) Utility, secrecy, dissonance
(3) Secrecy, dissonance, deception 
(4) Dissimilarity, dissonance, deviance 

21. As a teacher, select the best option to ensure your effective presence in the classroom. 
(1) Use of peer command  
(2) Making aggressive statements 
(3) Adoption of well-established posture 
(4) Being authoritarian 

22. Every communicator has to experience  
(1) Manipulated emotions 
(2) Anticipatory excitement 
(3) The issue of homophiles 
(4) Status dislocation


23. In certain code, SELECTION is coded as QCJCARGML. The code of AMERICANS will be 
 (1) YKCPGAYLQ
 (2) BNFSJDBMR
 (3) QLYAGPCKY
 (4) YQKLCYPAG 

24. In the series   3, 11, 23, 39, 59, ..........  The next term will be 
 (1) 63
 (2) 73
 (3) 83
 (4) 93 

25. Two railway tickets from city A to B and three tickets from city A to C cost ` 177. Three tickets from city A to B and two tickets from city A to C cost ` 173. The fare for city B from city A will be `
 (1) 25
 (2) 27
 (3) 30
 (4) 33 

26. A person walks 10 m infront and 10 m to the right. Then every time turning to his left, he walks 5, 15 and 15 m respectively. How far is he now from his starting point ? 
(1) 20 m
(2) 15 m
 (3) 10 m
(4) 5 m 

27. A is sister of B. F is daughter of G. C is mother of B. D is father of C. E is mother of D. A is related to D as 
 (1) Grand daughter
 (2) Daughter
  (3) Daughter-in-law
 (4) Sister 

28. In the series   AB, EDC, FGHI, ....?...., OPQRST, the missing term is
  (1) JKLMN
 (2) JMKNL
 (3) NMLKJ
 (4) NMKLJ 

29. Among the following propositions two are related in such a way that one is the denial of the other. Which are those propositions ? Select the correct code :  Propositions :
 (a) All women are equal to men
 (b) Some women are equal to men
 (c) Some women are not equal to men
 (d) No women are equal to men
 Codes : 
(1) (a) and (b)
(2) (a) and (d) 
(3) (c) and (d) 
(4) (a) and (c)

30. If the proposition ‘All thieves are poor’ is false, which of the following propositions can be claimed certainly to be true ?  Propositions : 
(1) Some thieves are poor. 
(2) Some thieves are not poor. 
(3) No thief is poor. 
(4) No poor person is a thief. 

31. Consider the following statement and select the correct code stating the nature of the argument involved in it :
 To suppose that the earth is the only populated world in the infinite space is as absurd as to assert that in an entire field of millet only one grain will grow. 
(1) Astronomical
 (2) Anthropological 
(3) Deductive
(4) Analogical 

32. Select the code which is not correct about Venn diagram : 
(1) Venn diagram represents propositions as well as classes. 
(2) It can provide clear method of notation. 
(3) It can be either valid or invalid. 
(4) It can provide the direct method of testing the validity. 

33. Select the code which is not correct in the context of deductive argument with two premises : 
(1) An argument with one true premise, one false premise and a false conclusion may be valid. 
(2) An argument with two true premises and a false conclusion may be valid. 
(3) An argument with one true premise, one false premise and a true conclusion may be valid. 
(4) An argument with two false premises and a false conclusion may be valid. 

34. Given below are two premises and four conclusions are drawn from them (taking singly or together).
Select the code that states the conclusions validly drawn. 
Premises :
 (i) All religious persons are emotional. 
 (ii) Ram is a religious person. 
Conclusions :
(a) Ram is emotional.   
(b) All emotional persons are religious.   
(c) Ram is not a non-religious person.   
(d) Some religious persons are not emotional. 
Codes :   
(1) (a), (b), (c) and (d) 
(2) (a) only 
(3) (a) and (c) only 
(4) (b) and (c) only

The following table shows the percentage profit (%) earned by two companies A and B during the years 2011-15. Answer questions 35-37 based on the data contained in the table : 
    Profit earned by two companies
Year     Percentage Profit (%)
              A     B
2011     20     30
2012     35     40
2013     45     35
2014     40     50
2015     25     35

Where, percent (%) Profit = (Income - Expenditure)/Expenditure * 100

35. If the total expenditure of the two companies was ` 9 lakh in the year 2012 and the expenditure of A and B were in the ratio 2 : 1, then what was the income of the company A in that year ? 
(1) ` 9.2 lakh 
(2) ` 8.1 lakh
 (3) ` 7.2 lakh
 (4) ` 6.0 lakh 

36. What is the average percentage profit earned by the company B ? 
(1) 35%
 (2) 42% 
(3) 38% 
(4) 40%

37. In which year, the percentage profit earned by the company B is less than that of company A ?
  (1) 2012
  (2) 2013
  (3) 2014
  (4) 2015

The following table shows the number of people in different age groups who responded to a survey about their favourite style of music. Use this information to answer the questions that follow :
 (Question 38-40) to the nearest whole percentage :
  Number of people
 Age → Style of  Music ↓     (Years)  15-20     (Years) 21-30     (Years) 31+
Classical                                           6                  4                     17
Pop                                                   7                    5                   5
Rock                                                 6                      12               14
Jazz                                                    1                       4                    11
Blues                                                 2                  3           15
Hip-Hop                                           9            3          4
Ambient                                             2         2           2 

38. Approximately what percentage of the total sample were aged 21-30 ? 
(1) 31%
(2) 23% 
(3) 25%
(4) 14% 

39. Approximately what percentage of the total sample indicates that Hip-Hop is their favourite style of music ? 
(1) 6%
(2) 8%
 (3) 14%
(4) 12% 

40. What percentage of respondents aged 31+ indicated a favourite style other than classical music ? 
(1) 64%
(2) 60% 
(3) 75%
(4) 50% 

41. The statement “the study, design, development, implementation, support or management of computer-based information systems, particularly software applications and computer Hardware” refers to 
(1) Information Technology (IT) 
(2) Information and Collaborative Technology (ICT) 
(3) Information and Data Technology (IDT) 
(4) Artificial Intelligence (AI) 

42. If the binary equivalent of the decimal number 48 is 110000, then the binary equivalent of the decimal number 51 is given by 
(1) 110011
(2) 110010 
(3) 110001
(4) 110100 


43. The process of copying files to a CD-ROM is known as  
(1) Burning
(2) Zipping 
(3) Digitizing
(4) Ripping 

44. An unsolicited e-mail message sent to many recipients at once is a 
 (1) Worm
(2) Virus 
(3) Threat
 (4) Spam


45. _________ is a type of memory circuitry that holds the computer’s start-up routine. 
(1) RIM (Read Initial Memory) 
(2) RAM (Random Access Memory)
 (3) ROM (Read Only Memory) 
(4) Cache Memory 

46. An ASCII is a character-encoding scheme that is employed by personal computers in order to represent various characters, numbers and control keys that the computer user selects on the keyboard. ASCII is an acronym for 
 (1) American Standard Code for Information Interchange
  (2) American Standard Code for Intelligent Information
  (3) American Standard Code for Information Integrity
  (4) American Standard Code for Isolated Information 

47. Identify the air pollutant in urban areas which irritates eyes and also respiratory tract of human beings.
 (1) Particulate matter
 (2) Oxides of nitrogen
  (3) Surface ozone
 (4) Carbon monoxide 

48. Which of the following is the largest source of water pollution in major rivers of India ?
 (1) Untreated sewage
  (2) Agriculture run-off 
(3) Unregulated small scale industries
 (4) Religious practices 

49. Sustainable development goals have specific targets to be achieved by
 (1) 2022
(2) 2030 
(3) 2040
(4) 2050 

50. Indian government’s target of producing power from biomass by the year 2022, is  
(1) 50 MW
(2) 25 MW 
(3) 15 MW
(4) 10 MW 

51. Assertion (A) : Conserving our soil resources is critical to human survival.
 Reason (R) : Soil is home to many micro-organisms and contains minerals.
 Choose the correct code :
 (1) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
 (2) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
 (3) (A) is true and (R) is false. 
(4) (A) is false and (R) is true. 

52. World Meteorological Organisation’s (WMO) objective has been to reduce the number of deaths due to hydrometeorological disasters over the decade 2010-2019 by (with reference to the decade 1994-2003)
 (1) 25%
(2) 50% 
(3) 75%
(4) 80%

53. Which of the following core values among the institutions of higher education are promoted by the NAAC (National Assessment and Accreditation Council) ?
 (a) Contributing to national development. 
(b) Fostering global competencies among the students. 
(c) Inculcating a value system among students and teachers. 
(d) Promoting the optimum utilization of the infrastructure. 
Select the correct answer from the codes given below :
  Codes : 
(1) (b), (c) and (d)
(2) (a), (b) and (c) 
(3) (a), (c) and (d)
(4) (a), (b), (c) and (d) 

54. The best way for providing value education is through  
(1) discussions on scriptural texts
(2) lectures / discourses on values 
(3) seminars / symposia on values
(4) mentoring / reflective sessions on values 

55. The National Judicial Appointments Commission (NJAC) has been declared unconstitutional by 
(1) The Supreme Court of India 
(2) The High Court 
(3) The High Court and the Supreme Court both  
(4) The President of India 

56. Which of the following statements about the Indian political system is/are correct ? 
(a) The President is both Head of the State and Head of the Government. 
(b) Parliament is Supreme.
 (c) The Supreme Court is the guardian of the Constitution.
(d) The Directive Principles of State Policy are justiciable. 
Select the correct answer from the codes given below :
 (1) (a), (b), (c) and (d)
(2) (b), (c) and (d) 
(3) (b) and (c)
 (4) (c) only

 57. Which of the following are the fundamental duties ?
 (a) To respect the National Flag.
 (b) To protect and improve the natural environment. 
(c) For a parent to provide opportunities for education to his/her child. 
(d) To protect monuments and places of national importance. 
Select the correct answer from the codes given :
 Codes :
  (1) (a), (b) and (c)
 (2) (a), (b) and (d)
 (3) (a), (c) and (d)
 (4) (a), (b), (c) and (d) 

58. Which of the following statements are correct in respect of Niti Aayog ? 
(a) It is a constitutional body. 
(b) It is a statutory body. 
(c) It is neither a constitutional body nor a statutory body. 
(d) It is a think-tank. 
Select the correct answer from the codes given below : 
(1) (a) and (d)
(2) (b) and (d) 
(3) (c) and (d)
(4) (b), (c) and (d)


59. A college level assistant professor has planned his/her lectures with an intent to develop cognitive dimensions of students centered on skills of analysis and synthesis.
Below, given are two sets of items Set – I consisting of levels of cognitive interchange and   
        Set – II comprising basic requirements for promoting them.
 Match the two sets and indicate your answer by choosing the correct alternative from the code :
     Set – I (Levels of Cognitive Interchange)     Set – II (Basic requirements for promoting cognitive interchange)
    a. Memory level             i. Giving opportunity for discriminating examples and non-examples of a point.
    b. Understanding level         ii. Recording the important points made during the presentations.
    c. Reflective level            iii. Asking the students to discuss various items of information. 
                    iv. Critically analyzing the points to be made and discussed. 
Codes :       a     b     c     
(1)     ii     iv     i 
(2)     iii     iv     ii 
(3)     ii     i     iv 
(4)     i     ii     iii

60. Which set of learner characteristics may be considered helpful in designing effective teaching-learning systems ? Select the correct alternative from the codes given below : 
(i) Prior experience of learners in respect of the subject.
(ii) Interpersonal relationships of learner’s family friends.
(iii) Ability of the learners in respect of the subject. 
(iv) Student’s language background.
(v) Interest of students in following the prescribed dress code.
(vi) Motivational-orientation of the students. 
Codes : 
(1) (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)
(2) (i), (iii), (iv) and (vi)
(3) (ii), (iii), (iv) and (v)
(4) (iii), (iv), (v) and (vi)

Hindi quotes morning message in hindi good thoughts

---

*अंधे को मंदिर आया देखकर*
              *लोग हंसकर बोले की,*

       *मंदिर में दर्शन के लिए आये तो हो*
      *पर क्या भगवान् को देख पाओगे ?*

           *अंधे ने मुस्कुरा के कहा की,*
       *क्या फर्क पड़ता है, मेरा भगवान्*
                  *तो मुझे देख लेगा.* 

  *द्रष्टि नहीं द्रष्टिकोण सही होना चाहिए !!*

---

*इंसानियत इन्सान को*
     *इंसान बना देती है ,*
*लगन हर मुश्किल को*
      *आसान बना देती है ।*
*लोग यूँ ही नहीं  जाते*
       *मंदिरों में पूजा करने*
*आस्था ही तो पत्थर को*
        *भगवान बना देती है ।*

*आप  का दिन मंगलमय हो*
☘☘☘☘☘☘☘☘  

---

*भगवत्  गीता  मे  श्री  कृष्णा  ने*  *बहुत  बड़ी  बात  कही  है  कि......*

*यदि  आप  धर्म  करोगे  तो  आपको  ईश्वर  से  मांगना  ही  पड़ेगा...*

*लेकिन  यदि  आप  कर्म  करोगे  तो  ईश्वर  को,  आपको  देना   ही  पड़ेगा..*.
    *सुप्रभात*

*बुद्धिमान व्यक्ति कई बार जवाब होते हुए भी पलट कर नही बोलते,*

*क्यों कि कई बार रिश्तो को जिताने के लिए खामोश रह कर हारना जरूरी होता है...*

*_✅ Good Morning ✅_*

---

*सच्चाई के इस जंग मे ,*
                *कभी झूठे भी जीत जाते है..*
*समय अपना अच्छा न हो तो ,*
                  *कभी अपने भी रूठ जाते है..*
*कच्चे मकान देखकर किसी से*
                    *रिश्ता ना तोडना क्योंकि*
*मिट्टी की पकड बहुत मजबूत होती है*
                *और*
*संगमरमर पर तो अक्सर पैर फिसल जाते हैं*

*good morning*

---

सुविचार 
===================
*"कष्ट" और "विपत्ति"*
   *मनुष्य को शिक्षा देने वाले*
          *श्रेष्ठ  गुण  हैं*
   *जो व्यक्ति साहस के साथ*
     *उनका सामना करते हैं*
          *वे सदैव सफल*
               *होते हैं*
        शुभ प्रभात

Jai Shree Ram ji 

*Morning Bell*

---

▪▬▬ஜ۩۞۩ஜ▬▪                        

         *समझदारी की बातें सिर्फ़ दो ही लोग करते हैं,*

*एक वो जिसकी उम्र अधिक हो*

*और एक वो जिसने बहुत कम उम्र में,*
       *बुरा वक़्त देखा हो..!!*                    
●▬▬ஜ۩۞۩ஜ▬▬●

GOOD MORNING

---

*आज का सुविचार*  

*मीठे बोल बोलिए क्योंकि अल्फाजों में जान होती हैl*
*इन्हीं से आरती,अरदास, और इन्हीं से अज़ान होती हैl*
*यह समुंदर का वह नायाब मोती है,*
*जिससे हर इंसान की पहचान होती हैl*
       
            
*शुभ प्रभात*
*आपका दिन मंगलमय हो*

---

एक बार एक व्यक्ति ने  अपने गुरु से पूछा हम ईश्वर के आगे सिर क्यों झुकाते है ?*_
_*तो गुरु ने बड़ा सुंदर उत्तर दिया*_
_*हमारी चिंताऐ हमारे मस्तिष्क पर निवास करती है और जब हम ईश्वर के आगे सिर झुकाकर प्रणाम करते है तो वो चिंताऐ हमारे मस्तिष्क से गिर ईश्वर के चरणो मे पहुंच जाती है और हम चिंताओ के बोझ से मुक्त हो जाते है ।।*

---

*एक समय था*
        *जब "मंत्र" काम करते थे.*
                 *उसके बाद*
            *एक समय आया*
        *जब "तंत्र" काम करते थे.*
             *फिर समय आया*
      *जिसमे "यंत्र" काम करते थे.*
                      *और*
*आज के समय में कितने दुःख की बात है.*
                     *सिर्फ*
           *"षड्यंत्र" काम करते है.*
*जब तक "सत्य" घर से बाहर निकलता है.*
*तब तक "झूठ" आधी दुनिया घूम लेता है.!*
   
*शुप्रभातम*

---

Gold & Silver are Hidden Deep under the Earth. Pearl & Coral are Deep under the Sea, But Peace & Joy are Hidden in our Mind & Soul. Stop searching for them Outside!

      Good Morning 

     Have A Nice Day 

---

           *#राम_दरबार*

 *मंगल सवेरा*

*जो लम्हा साथ हैं . . .*
*उसे जी भर के जी लेना.*
*कम्बख्त" ये "जिंदगी. . .*
*भरोसे" के काबिल नहीं है.!!*

       *_जय श्री राम* 
        सुप्रभात्

*हँसते रहे,खुश रहे*

       *।।भारत माता की जय।।*

---

*एक दिन हम सबको ऐसे सफर पर जाना है,जिसमे कोई भी खर्चा नही है!!* *सीट भी कन्फर्म्ड है!!* *फ्लाइट भी ऑन टाइम है!!*..
*हमारे सभी अच्छे कर्म हमारा सामान होंगे!!*.. *हमारी इंसानियत हमारा पासपोर्ट होगी!!* *प्यार हमारा वीजा होगा!!*  *इसलिए स्वर्ग तक की इस उड़ान में बिजनेस क्लास में बैठने के लिए,जीवन मे जितना अच्छा हो सके उतना अच्छा करें!!!*

।।स्नेह भरा सुप्रभात।।

---

   ।। जय श्री कृष्ण  ।।
       ।।  हरि  बोल ।।

आपका और आपके परिवार का दिन मंगलमय हो

---

*ज्ञान तीन तरह से मिल सकता है*

*मनन से,*
*जो सब से श्रेष्ठ होता है.*

*अनुसरण से,*
*जो सरल होता है.*

*अनुभव से,*
*जो सब से कड़वा होता है.*
    *‼शुभ प्रभात‼*

---