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Formulas in science

 Here are some fundamental formulas in science: Physics 1. *Newton's Second Law*: F = ma 2. *Gravity*: F = G * (m1 * m2) / r^2 3. *Kinetic Energy*: KE = (1/2) * m * v^2 4. *Potential Energy*: PE = m * g * h 5. *Einstein's Mass-Energy Equivalence*: E = mc^2 6. *Momentum*: p = m * v 7. *Work*: W = F * d Chemistry 1. *Avogadro's Law*: V1 / n1 = V2 / n2 2. *Boyle's Law*: P1 * V1 = P2 * V2 3. *Charles' Law*: V1 / T1 = V2 / T2 4. *Gay-Lussac's Law*: P1 / T1 = P2 / T2 5. *Mole Fraction*: X = n / (n1 + n2 + ...) Biology 1. *Photosynthesis*: 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + light → C6H12O6 + 6 O2 2. *Respiration*: C6H12O6 + 6 O2 → 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + energy 3. *Mitosis*: 2n → 2n (cell division) 4. *Meiosis*: 2n → n (gamete formation) Earth Science 1. *Plate Tectonics*: Continental drift, sea-floor spreading 2. *Weathering*: Mechanical, chemical, biological 3. *Erosion*: Water, wind, ice, gravity Astronomy 1. *Kepler's Laws*: Elliptical orbits, equal areas, harmonic motion 2. *Newton'...

Fundamental formulas in mathematics

 Here are some fundamental formulas in mathematics: Algebra 1. *Linear Equation*: ax + by = c 2. *Quadratic Equation*: ax^2 + bx + c = 0 3. *Polynomial Equation*: a_n x^n + a_(n-1) x^(n-1) + ... + a_1 x + a_0 = 0 Geometry 1. *Pythagorean Theorem*: a^2 + b^2 = c^2 2. *Circle Area*: A = πr^2 3. *Circle Circumference*: C = 2πr Trigonometry 1. *Sine*: sin(A) = opposite side / hypotenuse 2. *Cosine*: cos(A) = adjacent side / hypotenuse 3. *Tangent*: tan(A) = opposite side / adjacent side Calculus 1. *Derivative*: f'(x) = lim(h → 0) [f(x + h) - f(x)]/h 2. *Integral*: ∫f(x) dx = F(x) + C Statistics 1. *Mean*: μ = (Σx_i) / n 2. *Median*: M = middle value of data set 3. *Standard Deviation*: σ = √[(Σ(x_i - μ)^2) / (n - 1)] Other Formulas 1. *Exponential Growth*: A = P(1 + r)^t 2. *Logarithm*: log_b(a) = x ⇔ b^x = a 3. *Permutation*: P(n, r) = n! / (n - r)! 4. *Combination*: C(n, r) = n! / (r!(n - r)!)