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Monday, August 5, 2013

Number System

Number System
The number system of a number is determined by the Radix of a number.Radix means the base of the number which is obtained by the number of symbols present in that number System.They are as follow:-
 
Sr.No.Number SystemRadixSymbols
1.Binary number System20,1
2.Octal Number System80,1,2,3,4,5,6,7
3.Decimal Number System100,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9
4.Hexadecimal Number System 160,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,A,B,C,D,E,F

1.Binary Number System:- The number System with Radix 2 are said to be binary numbers.It contains only 2 symbols 0 and 1.For Examples (1110)2,(1001)2,(1101)2,(1010)2,(1010.111)2,etc.
2.Octal Number System:- The number System with Radix 8 are said to be octal numbers.It contains 8 symbols 0,1,2,3,4,5,6 and 7.For Examples (257)2,(346)8,(412)8,(728)8,(72.39)8,etc.
3.Decimal Number System:- The number System with Radix 10 are said to be decimal numbers.It contains 10 symbols 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 and 9.For Examples (123)10,(786)10,(157)10,(928)10,(28.625)10,etc.
4.Hexadecimal Number System:- The number System with Radix 16 are said to be hexadecimal numbers.It contains only 16 symbols 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,A,B,C,D,E and F.Here A represent for number 10,B represents for number 11,C represents for number 12,D represents for number 13,E represents for number 14,F represents for number 15,For Examples (1ABC)16,(25DE)16,(85C.3D)16,(0AB)16,etc.
Note that for hexadecimal number should start with symbols of numbers only that is 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 and not with A,B,C,D,E,F .If there is a possibility of number to star with alphabets then write 0(zero before that number example (0AB)16,(0ADE)16,etc.

Conversion of numbers Systems:
# Convert Binary to Decimal:- To convert the binary number into decimal we have to multiply each binary number with 2 and then take the raise to power from Least Significant Bit (LSB) side starting with 0 and so on.
1.(1010)2   = 1*23 + 0*22+ 1*21 + 0*20
                  = 1*8 + 0*4 +1*2 + 0*1
                  = 8 + 0 + 2 + 0
                  =(10)10
2.(101)2    = 1*22 + 0*21 + 1*20
                 = 1*4 + 0*2 + 1*1
                 =  4 + 0 +1
                 = (5)10
3.(1001)2   = 1*23 + 0*22+ 0*21 + 1*20
                  = 1*8 + 0*4 +0*2 + 1*1
                  = 8 + 0 + 0 +1
                  =(9)10
4..(1111)2   = 1*23 + 1*22+ 1*21 + 1*20
                  = 1*8 + 1*4 +1*2 + 1*1
                  = 8 + 4 + 2 +1
                  =(15)10
But for fractional numbers that is for the numbers with decimal point we have to multiply fractional numbers with 2 raise to power of -1 from decimal point.
1. (1111.101) =1*23 + 1*22+ 1*21 + 1*20 + 1*2-1+ 0*2-2 + 1*2-3
                      = 1*8 + 1*4 + 1*2 + 1*1+ 1*1/21+ 0*1/22 + 1*1/22
                      = 1*8 + 1*4 + 1*2 + 1*1+ 1*1/2 + 0*1/4 + 1*1/8
                      = 1*8 + 1*4 +1*2 + 1*1+1*0.5 + 0*0.25 + 1*0.125
                      = 8 + 4 + 2 + 1 + 0.5 + 0 + 0.125
                      =(15.625)10
# Convert Decimal to Binary :- To convert the decimal number to binary divide the number by 2 to get integers note down the remainders in front of them simultaneously and then write remainders in reverse order from bottom to top.
  1.(157)10
Solution : -
2157Remainders
2781
2390
2191
291
241
220
211

01
Answer=(11011101)2

2.(9)10
Solution : -
29Remainders
241
220
210

01
Answer=(1001)2
Note:Binary counting can be done by taking only those values of numbers from similarly like starting from decimal numbers only those numbers which contains symbols 0 and 1.That is 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,............,99,100,101,102,103,....,110,111,...and so on.Cancel the numbers that contains symbols other than 0 and 1.So the counting will be:
Decimal NumbersBinary numbersHexadecimal Numbers
000
111
2102
3113
41004
51015
61106
71117
810008
910019
101010A
111011B
121100C
131101D
141110E
151111F

# Convert octal to decimal:- To convert the octal number into decimal we have to multiply each octal  number with 8 and then take the raise to power from Least Significant Bit (LSB) side starting with 0 for integers and so on.

1. (157)8 = 1*82 + 5*81 + 7*80
              = 1*64 + 5*40 + 7*1
              = 64 + 200 +7
              = (271)10
2.(459)8 = 4*82 + 5* 81 + 9*80
              = 4*64+5*8+9*1
              =256 + 40 +9
              =(305)10
 But for fractional numbers that is for the numbers with decimal point we have to multiply fractional numbers with 8 raise to power of -1 from decimal point and so on -2,-3,.. .
 1.(351.123)8   =  3*82 + 5*81 + 1*80 + 1*8-1 + 2*8-2 + 3*8-3
                        =  3*64 + 5*8 + 1*1 + 1*1/81 + 2*1/82 + 3*1/83
                        =3*64 + 5*8 + 1*1 + 1*1/8 + 2* 1/64 + 3* 1/512
                        =192 + 40 + 1 + 1*0.125 + 2*0.015625 + 3* 0.001953125
                        = 192 + 40 + 1 + 0.125 + 0.03125 +  0.005859375
                        = (233.162109375)10
# Convert decimal to octal:- To convert the decimal number to octal divide the number by 8 to get integers note down the remainders in front of them simultaneously and then write remainders in reverse order from bottom to top.
1.(157)10
Solution : -
8157Remainders
8195
823

02
Answer=(532)8

1.(304)10
Solution : -
8304Remainders
8380
846

04
Answer=(064)8

Saturday, July 20, 2013

Visual Basic Examples


Program 1:- To create Visual Basic application to find the area of rectangle.


Code:-
 Private Sub Command1_Click() Text3.Text = Text1.Text * Text2.Text End Sub

Private Sub Command2_Click()

Text1.Text = " " Text2.Text = " " Text3.Text = " " End Sub


/*************************Output**************************/





Program 2:- To create Visual Basic application to average of 3 numbers.
Design Window:-

Code:-

Private Sub Command1_Click()

Text4.Text = Str((Val(Text1.Text) + Val(Text2.Text) + Val(Text3.Text)) / 3)

End Sub

Private Sub Command2_Click()

Text1.Text = " "

Text2.Text = " "

Text3.Text = " "

Text4.Text = " "

End Sub

Private Sub Command3_Click()

Unload Me

End Sub


/*************************Output**************************/



Program 3: To create Visual Basic application to illustrate Date-Time functions.

Code:-

Private Sub Command1_Click ()

Text1.Text = Date

Text2.Text = Time ()

Text3.Text = Year (Date)

Text4.Text = Month (Date)

End Sub

/*************************Output**************************/



Program 4:-To create Visual Basic application program to find maximum number among two numbers.

Code:-

Private Sub Command1_Click ()

Dim a As Integer

Dim b As Integer

a = Val(Text1.Text)

b = Val(Text2.Text)

If (a > b) Then

        Label3.Caption = "a is maximum number"

Else

        Label3.Caption = "b is maximum number"

End If

End Sub


/*************************Output**************************/

Program 5:-To create Visual Basic application program to perform arithmetic operations with the use of Option button.

Code:

Private Sub Option1_Click ()

Text3.Text = Val (Text1.Text) + Val (Text2.Text)

End Sub

Private Sub Option2_Click ()

Text3.Text = Val (Text1.Text) - Val (Text2.Text)

End Sub

Private Sub Option3_Click ()

Text3.Text = Val (Text1.Text) * Val (Text2.Text)

End Sub

Private Sub Option4_Click ()

Text3.Text = Val (Text1.Text) / Val (Text2.Text)

End Sub


/*************************Output**************************/



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